It is estimated that the percentage of completed or attempted rape victimization among women in higher educational institutions may be between 20% and 25% over the course of a college career. Among college women, 9 in 10 victims of rape and sexual assault knew their offender. Almost 12.8% of completed rapes, 35% of attempted rapes, and 22.9% of threatened rapes happened during a date. 2.8% experienced either a completed rape (1.7%) or an attempted rape (1.1%) during the six-month period in which the study was conducted. Of victims, 22.8% were victims of multiple rapes. If this data is calculated for a calendar year period, nearly 5% of college women are victimized during any given calendar year. It is estimated that for every 1,000 women attending a college or university, there are 35 incidents of rape each academic year. Off-campus sexual victimization is much more common among college women than on-campus victimization. Of victims of completed rape 33.7% were victimized on campus and 66.3% off campus. Less than 5% of completed or attempted rapes against college women were reported to law enforcement. However, in 2/3rds of the incidents the victim did tell another person, usually a friend, not family or school officials.
Krebs, C.P., Lindquist, C.H., Warner, T.D., Fisher, B.S., & Martin, S.L. (2007). The Campus Sexual Assault (CSA) Study. National Institute of Justice. Findings from this report include:
Many women (88%) have never consumed a drink left unattended or consumed a drink given to them by a stranger (76%). One-quarter of the sample (25%) reported consuming alcohol or drugs before sex at least once a month, and slightly fewer (23%) were drunk or high during sex at least once a month. Eighteen percent experienced an attempted (13%) and/or completed (13%) sexual assault since entering college. Among the total sample, 5% experienced a completed physically forced sexual assault, but a much higher percentage (11%) experienced a completed incapacitated sexual assault. Sexual assaults were most likely to occur in September, October and November, on Friday or Saturday nights, and between the hours of midnight and 6:00 a.m. Most victims of physically forced or incapacitated sexual assault were assaulted by someone they knew (79% and 88%). Freshmen and sophomores are at greater risk for victimization than juniors and seniors.
Mohler-Kuo, M., Dowdall, G., Koss, M., & Wechsler, H. (2004). Correlates of Rape While Intoxicated in a National Sample of College Women. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 65, 37-45.
Findings from this report include:
In one study, one in 20 (4.7%) women reported being raped in college since the beginning of the year – a period of approximately 7 months – and nearly three quarters of those rapes (72%) happened with the victims were so intoxicated they were unable to consent or refuse. One study found that students living in sorority houses (3 times at risk) and on-campus dormitories (1.4 times at risk) were more likely to be raped than students living off-campus. Women from colleges with medium and high binge-drinking rates had more than a 1.5-fold increased chance of being raped while intoxicated than those from schools with low binge-drinking rates. Women who had practiced binge-drinking in high school had an increased likelihood of rape while intoxicated.
Why UVA's New Frat rules may not make much difference http://time.com/topic/campus-sexual-assault/
An excerpt from the article:
"Despite the inconsistencies in the article, UVA has decided to go ahead with fraternity reform. Though UVA President Teresa Sullivan was careful not to single out Greek organizations as the main culprits in the problem of sexual assault on campus during an interview with TIME last year, the rules do reflect a slightly softer version of the reforms she favored. “The days of the trash can full of punch have to be over,” she told TIME.
MORE UVA President: Eliminate All Booze Except Beer
Nonetheless, it appears that UVA may not be doing much to enforce the reforms—a reflection of the tricky nature of governing private organizations on campus. According to ABC News, UVA spokesman Anthony de Bruyn said the university would not provide staff to monitor the fraternities to because they are privately owned. “The University will work closely with Greek leadership to support them in seeking compliance with the new practices by their members,” de Bruyn told Time. “Should violations be brought to the University’s attention, as has been the case it the past, the Dean of Students Office will investigate, and any appropriate next steps would be based upon the details of each case.”
Are assaults at Christian Universities held more liable when acts of sexual assault take place on campus? Their own values hold certain values, therefore should they be more responsible for taking action in these cases? Here is an article explaining on Christian University that did not take action to more than 40 victims of sexual assault on campus.
This discusses the study we have already discussed in class. 86 college men were asked if they would rape a woman if they were to never be found out and over 13% said yes (roughly 11 out of the 86). Nearly 32% of those same 86 men said they would forcefully have sex with a woman if they were to never be found out (about 28 of the 86).
Although we have already discussed this study, I think it is a good one to keep bringing up throughout the semester because the words we choose are vitally important. People avoid words like rape, target, etc because they are uncomfortable, but if a difference is going to be made within this "rape culture" the uncomfortable words need to be said.
Social media is a huge part of today's culture, and it's escalating rape culture in a form of cyber-bullying. It is sickening that people are getting away with posting these things online and can walk free by simply arguing "if this wasn't consensual sex, then she wouldn't have let me take pictures."
I would really like to talk about rape culture in pop music over the next week or so. I think that there are a lot of songs, music videos and artists who take freedom of expression way too far. In this article, there is a song called "Blurred Lines", which is expressed as "rapey". I believe that it is songs like this that contribute to the gray lines between "saying yes" and "no" in regards to sexual consent. What can we do in order to protect children and the younger generations from becoming normalized to this type of music and expression?
The anthropology of rape. This paper examines why people rape, and why people don't. This also discusses in detail, the evolutionary causes of rape, and gender roles. http://www.academia.edu/2653578/The_Anthropology_of_Rape
Statistics from the Campus Sexual Assault Study:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.nsvrc.org/saam/campus-resource-list#Stats
Findings from this report include:
It is estimated that the percentage of completed or attempted rape victimization among women in higher educational institutions may be between 20% and 25% over the course of a college career.
Among college women, 9 in 10 victims of rape and sexual assault knew their offender.
Almost 12.8% of completed rapes, 35% of attempted rapes, and 22.9% of threatened rapes happened during a date.
2.8% experienced either a completed rape (1.7%) or an attempted rape (1.1%) during the six-month period in which the study was conducted. Of victims, 22.8% were victims of multiple rapes. If this data is calculated for a calendar year period, nearly 5% of college women are victimized during any given calendar year.
It is estimated that for every 1,000 women attending a college or university, there are 35 incidents of rape each academic year.
Off-campus sexual victimization is much more common among college women than on-campus victimization. Of victims of completed rape 33.7% were victimized on campus and 66.3% off campus.
Less than 5% of completed or attempted rapes against college women were reported to law enforcement. However, in 2/3rds of the incidents the victim did tell another person, usually a friend, not family or school officials.
Krebs, C.P., Lindquist, C.H., Warner, T.D., Fisher, B.S., & Martin, S.L. (2007). The Campus Sexual Assault (CSA) Study. National Institute of Justice.
Findings from this report include:
Many women (88%) have never consumed a drink left unattended or consumed a drink given to them by a stranger (76%).
One-quarter of the sample (25%) reported consuming alcohol or drugs before sex at least once a month, and slightly fewer (23%) were drunk or high during sex at least once a month.
Eighteen percent experienced an attempted (13%) and/or completed (13%) sexual assault since entering college.
Among the total sample, 5% experienced a completed physically forced sexual assault, but a much higher percentage (11%) experienced a completed incapacitated sexual assault.
Sexual assaults were most likely to occur in September, October and November, on Friday or Saturday nights, and between the hours of midnight and 6:00 a.m.
Most victims of physically forced or incapacitated sexual assault were assaulted by someone they knew (79% and 88%).
Freshmen and sophomores are at greater risk for victimization than juniors and seniors.
Mohler-Kuo, M., Dowdall, G., Koss, M., & Wechsler, H. (2004). Correlates of Rape While Intoxicated in a National Sample of College Women. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 65, 37-45.
Findings from this report include:
In one study, one in 20 (4.7%) women reported being raped in college since the beginning of the year – a period of approximately 7 months – and nearly three quarters of those rapes (72%) happened with the victims were so intoxicated they were unable to consent or refuse.
One study found that students living in sorority houses (3 times at risk) and on-campus dormitories (1.4 times at risk) were more likely to be raped than students living off-campus.
Women from colleges with medium and high binge-drinking rates had more than a 1.5-fold increased chance of being raped while intoxicated than those from schools with low binge-drinking rates.
Women who had practiced binge-drinking in high school had an increased likelihood of rape while intoxicated.
Why UVA's New Frat rules may not make much difference
ReplyDeletehttp://time.com/topic/campus-sexual-assault/
An excerpt from the article:
"Despite the inconsistencies in the article, UVA has decided to go ahead with fraternity reform. Though UVA President Teresa Sullivan was careful not to single out Greek organizations as the main culprits in the problem of sexual assault on campus during an interview with TIME last year, the rules do reflect a slightly softer version of the reforms she favored. “The days of the trash can full of punch have to be over,” she told TIME.
MORE UVA President: Eliminate All Booze Except Beer
Nonetheless, it appears that UVA may not be doing much to enforce the reforms—a reflection of the tricky nature of governing private organizations on campus. According to ABC News, UVA spokesman Anthony de Bruyn said the university would not provide staff to monitor the fraternities to because they are privately owned. “The University will work closely with Greek leadership to support them in seeking compliance with the new practices by their members,” de Bruyn told Time. “Should violations be brought to the University’s attention, as has been the case it the past, the Dean of Students Office will investigate, and any appropriate next steps would be based upon the details of each case.”
Are assaults at Christian Universities held more liable when acts of sexual assault take place on campus? Their own values hold certain values, therefore should they be more responsible for taking action in these cases? Here is an article explaining on Christian University that did not take action to more than 40 victims of sexual assault on campus.
ReplyDeletehttp://time.com/3629959/bob-jones-university-campus-sexual-assault/
http://college.usatoday.com/2015/01/21/study-examines-rape-hypermasculinity-and-hostility-in-college-men/
ReplyDeleteThis discusses the study we have already discussed in class. 86 college men were asked if they would rape a woman if they were to never be found out and over 13% said yes (roughly 11 out of the 86). Nearly 32% of those same 86 men said they would forcefully have sex with a woman if they were to never be found out (about 28 of the 86).
Although we have already discussed this study, I think it is a good one to keep bringing up throughout the semester because the words we choose are vitally important. People avoid words like rape, target, etc because they are uncomfortable, but if a difference is going to be made within this "rape culture" the uncomfortable words need to be said.
RAPE IN THE AGE OF SOCIAL MEDIA
ReplyDeletehttp://www.businessinsider.com/the-impact-of-social-media-on-rape-2013-4
Social media is a huge part of today's culture, and it's escalating rape culture in a form of cyber-bullying. It is sickening that people are getting away with posting these things online and can walk free by simply arguing "if this wasn't consensual sex, then she wouldn't have let me take pictures."
http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2013/03/18/steubenville-rape-social-media-football/1997687/
There are pros and cons to social media within rape culture.
pros: evidence to convict the rapists and prove that it happened.
cons: the victims have to be constantly reminded of the incident if it becomes released to social media.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThis documentary will come out in March and be on CNN at some point
ReplyDeleteI would really like to talk about rape culture in pop music over the next week or so. I think that there are a lot of songs, music videos and artists who take freedom of expression way too far. In this article, there is a song called "Blurred Lines", which is expressed as "rapey". I believe that it is songs like this that contribute to the gray lines between "saying yes" and "no" in regards to sexual consent. What can we do in order to protect children and the younger generations from becoming normalized to this type of music and expression?
ReplyDeletehttp://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/nov/13/blurred-lines-most-controversial-song-decade
I think we should address the movie, 50 shades of grey and how it adds to the fine lines between consent and non consent.
ReplyDeletehttp://rapeculturerealities.tumblr.com/post/26704097752/a-note-about-fifty-shades-of-grey-and-consent
ReplyDeleteFound this on Greek Life and consent- movement started by a Fraternity member. http://fratconsent.org
ReplyDeleteThe anthropology of rape. This paper examines why people rape, and why people don't. This also discusses in detail, the evolutionary causes of rape, and gender roles.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.academia.edu/2653578/The_Anthropology_of_Rape
http://www.academia.edu/2653578/The_Anthropology_of_Rape
ReplyDeleteThis is an interesting picture I found, that explains rape culture, and it's effects on society.
http://goodmenproject.com/good-feed-blog/new-study-macho-advertising-encourages-hyper-masculinity/
ReplyDeletehttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-013-0268-1/fulltext.html
Deletehttp://college.usatoday.com/2015/03/02/study-after-2-months-at-college-students-less-likely-to-intervene-in-sexual-assault/
ReplyDeletehttp://time.com/30545/its-time-to-end-rape-culture-hysteria/
ReplyDelete